Caleb h



5% l wm@ N.FETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON, D. C. l

, CALEB H. BRADLEY, OFv GOA'IESVILLE,l PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No; 77,352, dated April A28, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN GHURNS.

vftgt' ttehult reirme ttin time 'tettett irtent mit. nntuggntt nf tlgetanre.

TO ALL WHOM'ITMAY CONCERIT:A

Be it known that I, CALEB H. BRAD-LEY, of Coatesville, in Athe countyr of'Chestenand State o t' -Pensylva nia, have inventednew and useful Improvement in Chu'rus; andI hereby declare that the following is a full,

clear, `and exact description of the same,l reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, niaking a part-of this specication,.in xvhieh- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a churn, with lid "raised, showingl the arrangement ofthe revolviugf-buekets or air-chil'mzbers (commonly celled dshers") in the usual manner.

Figure.)A is a view'of the top or open sid'eoi` .one ofthe buckets or chambers detached, which may be conq structcd rectangular, or of any ctherzsuitable-shape, and are attached to the arms or dashersof any ordinary.-

revolving churn,for tbc purpose of. conveying thewtmosphere-intojand mingling or distributing it u'ith and among the milk or cream in their revolutions, and thereby faeilitatingor hastening the'sepurn-tion, or, ns it is termed,'the breaking of thebutter.

.Figure 3 is an end view ofthe bucket or chamber, tig. 2. 4 lheinterior of these. chambers is divided by divisions, as shown by a, fig. 3, adjusted therein, near'to either or both sides, 1and extendingfrom the to`p or mouth of the chamber to near the bottoni thereof', thus forming aiue or passage of es cape for the atmosphere, when pessedupon by the milk or cream, through'which' the buckcts pass inv their revolutions.

'Fromthe out edge of the divisions, and tightly connected therewith, are lidsvor coverings for the air-fines,

as shown bylb, figs. Zand 3,'ivhich coverings project outwards, overund beyond the mouth of the fiues, -et any desiredangle, but leaving the mouth of the vflue unobstructed.

These.' projectingcoveriugs create, in their passage through the milk or cream, a. vacuum, which is-coustantly filled with .the airfromthebuckets or chambers until'exha-usted. i

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is'- v The construction-of flu'es or"passagesof escape for .the .air from the buckets orchu'mbers, with the project. ing covering forthe mouth ofthe f1uesas and for the purpcsesberein described and set forth. I

' C. H. BRADLEY. Witnesses:

` WM. R. Asn,

Jenn' M. 'BhANsolm 

